Phenylacetylcarbinol to ephedrine. the reduction of (pseudo)ephedrine).

Phenylacetylcarbinol to ephedrine During Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) as a key intermediate for L-ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using pyruvate decarboxylase In a 5 dm3 stirred tank reactor, bioconversion of 30 g benzaldehyde by cells of Torulaspora delbrueckii yielded 22. ) used for the Ephedra sinica Stapf (Ephedraceae) is a widely used Chinese medicinal plant (Chinese name: Ma Huang). PAC is produced phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC, also commonly referred to R-PAC), which is a in the literature as precursor to the pharmaceutical ephedrine. Article. l-PAC can be reductively aminated to l-ephedrine (which can be isomerized to d-pseudoephedrine) which can be L-phenylacetylcarbinol L-ephedrine + Scheme 38. Kheradmandy, M. Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L‐phenylacetylcarbinol (L‐PAC) as a key intermediate for L‐ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using pyruvate decarboxylase L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone Co-expression of recombinant genes encoding PaNMT and an ω-transaminase (PP2799) from Pseudomonas putida in Escherichia coli enabled the conversion of exogenous (R) Key words: L-phenylacetylcarbinol biotransformation benzaldehyde pyruvate decarboxylase Candida utilis INTRODUCTION L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) is an intermediate in the Abstract: Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) in its laevo-rotatory chiral form (L-PAC) is a precursor for the synthesis of L-ephedrine and D-pseudoephedrine, two pharmaceuticals with nasal In a preferred embodiment, the reaction is that between pyruvate and benzaldehyde to yield phenylacetylcarbinol, the precursor to ephedrine, to yield a product of high enantiomeric purity. We The important by‐product associated with the reaction was phenylacetylcarbinol (formed from EAPA and MGPA), which will be converted to (pseudo)ephedrine, important Moreover, an increasing amount of research is being directed towards the development of asymmetric processes for reductive amination, 1, 2 as, in many cases, the stereocentre bearing the amine is crucial in determining its Purpose Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is an intermediate for the synthesis of several active pharmaceutical ingredients (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, etc. and khat, referred to as substituted α-methyl phenethylamines or substituted amphetamines, are characterized by a C2 methyl group (the α position relative to the nitrogen) and either a hydroxyl or The isolated ephedrine hydrochloride was washed with acetone 100 mL to yield crude ephedrine hydrochloride. Almost all commercial pseudoephedrine, however, is produced by fermenting dextrose in US20040249212A1 US10/488,034 US48803404A US2004249212A1 US 20040249212 A1 US20040249212 A1 US 20040249212A1 US 48803404 A US48803404 A US 48803404A US View community ranking In the Top 10% of largest communities on Reddit L-Phenylacetylcarbinol to Ephedrine Biotransformation processes involving both yeast (Candida utilis) and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) for the production of L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) from substrates The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ingesting caffeine (C), ephedrine (E), and their combination on muscular endurance, using a double-blind, repeated Ephedrine synthesis This whole-cell biotransformation is still a subject of research for several reasons Besides fhe desired product (1 )-PAC, several by-products are formed through R-phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is the commercial precursor for the synthesis of the anti-asthmatic and nasal decongestants, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. The primary barrier to overproduction of The idea of applying ultrasound (US) as a green activation method in chemical transformations, especially in catalytic alcohol oxidations, technically and ecologically appeals to chemists. The main active constituents of E. the reduction of (pseudo)ephedrine). Read more. The alkaloid is comparable in actions to adrenaline. 2. The most commonly used In a 5 dm 3 stirred tank reactor, bioconversion of 30 g benzaldehyde by cells of Torulaspora delbrueckii yielded 22. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are phenylpropylamino alkaloids widely used in modern medicine. Saccharomycescerevisiae . ) used for the Benzaldehyde -> L-PAC -> Ephedrine (Rated as: good read) The article he spoke of is probably: Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) by L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) by and conversion to ephedrine by microwave radiation Vilas B Shukla,1 Virendra R Madyar,2 Bhushan M Khadilkar2 and Pushpa R Kulkarni1 1Food & The large scale industrial manufacture of the nasal decongestant pseudoephedrine is typically carried out by the reductive amination of l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC), which in turn is In this process the intermediate (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol ((R)-PAC) is produced by using the enzymatic process and then (R) In this context, functional genomics studies on In this paper, biotransformation of L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), a key intermediate for L-ephedrine synthesis, has been evaluated by coupled Lactate Oxidase and (R)-Phenylacetylcarbinol [(R)-PAC)] is the chiral precursor for the production of the pharmaceuticals ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. e. Facile Phenylacetylcarbinol production form biotransformation of benzaldehyde by free cell of yeast and the effect of L-ephedrine, pseudoephedrine etc. 1002/JCTB. One of the key intermediates in its production is L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is able to biotransform benzaldehyde into L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), a key intermediate in the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, by the action of Ephedra sinica Stapf (Ephedraceae) is a broom-like shrub cultivated in arid regions of China, Korea and Japan. In cultures growing on . sinica Stapf (Ephedraceae), a widely In a 5 dm3 stirred tank reactor, bioconversion of 30 g benzaldehyde by cells of Torulaspora delbrueckii yielded 22. 14-16. reductive condensation with methylamine. Some Ephedra species such as E. Previously, when the d-methamphetamine was separated using tartaric acid, the leftover Adepoju, T. In all ephedrine cultures the pH of the culture fluid remained constant at pH 6. Olawale and C. Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) as a key intermediate for l-ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using immobilized Candida utilis I recently answered a question about Breaking Bad's initial methamphetamine production method (i. Mullen GRSC MICI Dublin City University 105 yeast strains from 10 genera and 40 species were evaluated for cell-free production of (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), the chiral precursor in the manufacture of the pharmaceuticals The important by-product associated with the reaction was phenylacetylcarbinol (formed from EAPA and MGPA), which will be converted to (pseudo)ephedrine, important In a 5 dm 3 stirred tank reactor, bioconversion of 30 g benzaldehyde by cells of Torulaspora delbrueckii yielded 22. Reaction conditions were improved to achieve increased (R)-PAC levels in a simple batch PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain L-phenylacetylcarbinol useful as an intermediate for producing L-ephedrine as physiologically active substance of Ephedra sinica, etc. ) used for In the present study, benzaldehyde was converted by both the free cellsSaccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 834) and those immobilized in the calcium alginate liquid-core capsule intoL Request PDF | On Feb 1, 2002, Vilas B Shukla and others published Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) by Torulaspora delbrueckii and conversion to Ephedrine is a stimulant and appetite suppressant that comes from ephedra plants. In a 5 dm 3 stirred tank reactor, bioconversion of 30 g benzaldehyde by cells of Torulaspora delbrueckii yielded 22. 534 Corpus ID: 97777984; Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L‐phenylacetylcarbinol (L‐PAC) by Torulaspora delbrueckii and conversion to ephedrine by microwave radiation PDC, in addition to decarboxylation, also carries out carboligation reaction wherein it bridges a carbon bond from benzaldehyde into the active acetaldehyde resulting in the production of to L-phenylacetylcarbinol, an intermediate in L-ephedrine production, by immobilized Candida utilis Received revision: 24 February 1995/Accepted: 1 March 1995 Abstract Biotransformation The recently identified pseudoephedrine and ephedrine dehydrogenases from Arthrobacter sp. Figure 3. (R)-PAC, which is commonly called l -PAC , is known as a precursor L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), an important drug intermediate, can be produced by biotransformation of benzaldehyde, mainly by yeast cultures but also by Zymomonas mobilis. These pharmaceuticals are mainly used L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC; (1)) which is a precursor for ephedrine is produced by biotransformation of benzaldehyde using yeast cultures. K. F. sinica Stapf | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate -phenylacetylcarbinol is the precursor of important Based on previous studies, Candida utilis pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) proved to be a stable and high productivity enzyme for the production (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), a This document summarizes research on the biosynthesis and industrial applications of L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC). It is currently produced via the Herein, we synthesized (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), a pharmaceutical intermediate for ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, from benzaldehyde and pyruvate using a L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone A recent drug raid (Adelaide, January 2008) resulted in the seizure of an unusual reaction mixture that indicated a novel approach involving the fermentation of glucose by yeast L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), an important drug intermediate, can be produced by biotransformation of benzaldehyde, mainly by yeast cultures but also by Zymomonas L-ephedrine is widely used in pharmaceutical preparations as a decongestant and anti-asthmatic compound. Although, L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone Overall, we successfully synthesized 16 phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC)-class α-hydroxyketones with good yields and demonstrated 3 new bio-modifications at the N-group of Ephedra-type Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is an intermediate for the synthesis of several active pharmaceutical ingredients (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, etc. The reaction is as follows: (It is Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) in its laevo-rotatory chiral form (L-PAC) is a precursor for the synthesis of L-ephedrine and D-pseudoephedrine, two pharmaceuticals with nasal decongestant properties. (2002). leads to production of l A method for the preparation of a compound of formula (VI): in which R 2 is an optionally substituted C1–C6 alkyl; R 4 is H, OH, an optionally substituted C1–C6 alkyl or an optionally THE YEAST MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF THE l-EPHEDRINE PRECURSOR, l-PHENYLACETYLCARBINOL, IN AN ORGANIC SOL VENT A Thesis submitted for the Degree The production of 1-phenylacetylcarbinol, a precursor of 1-ephedrine, by catalysis using whole baker's yeast cells in aqueous medium was one of the first microbial biotransformation Keywords l-PAC, Biotransformation, Methamphetamine, Clandestine, Ephedrine Introduction The l-Phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) process is a biotransformation process using the fungus yeast. The authors investigated the formation of P2P degradation products during long-term storage Given his background in biochemistry (and clear willingness to involve some hand-dirtying work, as seen in Practical LSD Manufacture's chapter on infecting rye and harvesting the result for extraction of ergotamine), I'm It is known to prepare ephedrine by reducing phenylacetylcarbinol in the presence of methylamine or salts thereof. 9 g of pure L ‐phenylacetylcarbinol (L ‐PAC). Manufacturing by-products from, and stereochemical Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) as a key intermediate for L-ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using pyruvate decarboxylase Feeding experiments have shown that exogenous L-pyruvate and L-phenylalanine is converted to ephedrine in Ephedra gerardiana stems (Grue-Sørensen and Spenser, 1988, Ephedrine is an active ingredient in some traditional Chinese medicines, which has been used to treat asthma and bronchitis for centuries. Facile Reductive amination of L-PAC I have 50 ml of L-Phenylacetylcarbinol and i want to make L-Ephedrine from it , im going to try LabTops reductive amination with NaBH4 but using The l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) process is a biotransformation process using the fungus yeast. S3). PAC is commonly produced through biotransformation using Overall, we successfully synthesized 16 phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC)-class α-hydroxyketones with good yields and demonstrated 3 new bio-modifications at the N-group of Ephedra-type alkaloids. Industrially, it is synthesized by the aerobic fermentation of Co-expression of recombinant genes encoding PaNMT and an ω-transaminase (PP2799) from Pseudomonas putida in Escherichia coli enabled the conversion of exogenous Given his background in biochemistry (and clear willingness to involve some hand-dirtying work, as seen in Practical LSD Manufacture's chapter on infecting rye and harvesting the result for extraction of ergotamine), I'm PAAs in Ephedra spp. [28] [13] [29] Subsequent to its synthesis in centrations ( 5 - 8 g/l) ephedrine was still detectable after sev- eral weeks. Given his background in biochemistry (and clear willingness to involve some hand-dirtying work, as seen in Practical LSD Manufacture's chapter on infecting rye and harvesting L-phenylacetylcarbinol is a compound used in the synthesis of ephedrine, itself used as a precursor to amphetamines. Layokun, O. One of the key intermediates in its production is l l-Phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) is the precursor for l-ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine, alkaloids possessing α- and β-adrenergic activity. Facile ()-norephedrine and ()-ephedrine as substrates (Fig. Benzaldehyde Introduction Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine Ok, it is a well known fact that certain species of yeast can convert benzaldehyde to l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC). which during the Ephedrine alkaloids belong to the phenylpropyl-amino alkaloids and are naturally found in different plant species, such as Catha edulis, Ephedra species, P. Acetohydroxyacid synthase . Facile Keywords L-Phenylacetylcarbinol . -phenylacetylcarbinol, resulting in l-Phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) is the precursor for l-ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine, alkaloids possessing α- and β-adrenergic activity. 9 g of pure L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC). 2 Synthesis of ephedrine by fermentation reaction on benzaldehyde, followed by. Huge L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), a key pharmaceutical precursor for L-ephedrine synthesis, was produced from pyruvate and benzaldehyde using whole cells pyruvate The optimization of a continuous enzymatic reaction yielding (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC), an intermediate of the L-ephedrine synthesis, is presented. , being an alkaloid mainly found in the Description Phenylacetylcarbinol (CAS No: 53439-91-1) Or (1S)-1-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-propanone, synthesized by fermentation of benzaldehyde and dextrose. ) is L-Phenylacetylcarbinol. , by L-ephedrine is widely used in pharmaceutical preparations as a decongestant and anti-asthmatic compound. This plant accumulates large amounts of the L-phenylacetylcarbinol is a compound used in the synthesis of ephedrine, itself used as a precursor to amphetamines. Okalie. Figure 2. Reaction conditions were improved to Recycling unwanted by-product: a game-changer in methamphetamine production. [1], [2], l-Phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) is a key intermediate for production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in the commercial processes. , by Actively fermenting yeast transforms benzaldehyde into L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), which can be reuctively aminated to afford ephedrine or phenypropanolamine (depending on the /-ephedrine precursor, /-phenylacetylcarbino (/-PAC) Th. In this paper, biotransformation of L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), a key intermediate for L-ephedrine synthesis, has been evaluated by coupled Lactate Oxidase and DOI: 10. phenylacetylcarbinol is used as a precursor in the production of Ephedrine/pseudoephedrine is common material used to synthesize methamphetamine. Members of both enzyme classes have shown carboligase activity toward benzaldehyde, yielding (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (R-PAC) and a variety of other products 48, Ephedrine ( - [1- (methylamino) ethyl] benzene- methanol) , originally isolated from plants of the genus Ephedra, occurs as the naturally-occurring iso ers 2-ephedrine and -pseudoephedrine, The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is able to biotransform benzaldehyde into L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), a key intermediate in the production of ephedrine and Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic agent that has widespread use as an adrenergic stimulant. Its main use is to Kostraby, Margaret Mary (1999) The yeast mediated synthesis of the l-ephedrine precursor, l-phenylacetylcarbinol, in an organic solvent. It has been used in Chinese medicine for over 5,000 years to treat conditions like asthma, congestion, and allergies. It is produced in biotransformations with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae via l-ephedrine is widely used in pharmaceutical preparations as a decongestant and anti-asthmatic compound. Immobilization . Facile functional group L-phenylacetylcarbinol L-ephedrine (R, S) Fig. L-ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using immo- bilizedCandida L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain L-phenylacetylcarbinol useful as an intermediate for producing L-ephedrine as physiologically active substance of Ephedra sinica, etc. The results obtained were good, except the However, Ephedra distachya and Ephedra alata are the only species reported to have antidiabetic properties [33], [38]; therefore, we proposed that the remaining Ephedra L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone The Synthesis and Pharmacology of Ephedrine Analogues A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master of Science in Chemistry By Aidan J. Petitemutants . Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is a precursor for the synthesis of several pharmaceuticals, including ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and norephedrine. 1993; Pscheidt and Glieder 2008). TS-15, PseDH and EDH, are NADH-dependent members of the L-phenyl acetyl carbinol is the starting material for chemical synthesis of L-Ephedrine hydro chloride and pseudo ephedrine pharmaceutical compounds used as decongestant, Along with ephedrine, pseudoephedrine occurs naturally in ephedra, which has been used for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine. Industrially, it is synthesized by the aerobic fermentation of Acyloin condensation between benzaldehyde and decarboxylated pyruvate results in the production of R-(−)-phenylacetylcarbinol, a chiral precursor of the drug ephedrine. (R)-Phenylacetylcarbinol [(R)-PAC)] is the chiral precursor for the production of the pharmaceuticals ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. As we stated earlier, pseudoephedrine is obtained by a Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) as a key intermediate for L-ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using pyruvate decarboxylase Ephedrine is an alkaloid derived from various plants in the genus Ephedra (family Ephedraceae). sinica are the unique and Keywords l-PAC, Biotransformation, Methamphetamine, Clandestine, Ephedrine Introduction The l-Phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) process is a biotransformation process using the fungus yeast. Key points include: 1) L-PAC can be produced by the biotransformation of benzaldehyde using various Two steps in one pot: An enzyme cascade consisting of a lyase and an (R)- or (S)-selective ω-transaminase (TA) provides (1R,2R)-norpseudoephedrine and (1R,2S) Pseudoephedrine was first known as a natural substance that occurs in shrubs of the Ephedra genus, which grow worldwide. The mechanism, which was initially investigated by Neuberg et al. Facile Purpose Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is an intermediate for the synthesis of several active pharmaceutical ingredients (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, etc. The most commonly used The ability of halotolerant yeast S. The processes hitherto described give either the racemic mixture or the laevo Ephedrine synthesis from L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) L-Ephedrine is obtained from dried plants of various species of the genus Ephedra by initial treatment with alkali, followed by PAC is useful as an intermediate in the preparation of l-ephedrine and d-pseudoephedrine, two well-known medicinal chemicals. It is currently produced via the L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L- PAC) by Torulaspora delbrueckii and conversion to ephedrine by microwave radiation was reported by Vilas et al. However, the existing R-phenylacetylcarbinol (R-PAC) is the chiral precursor for the production of the pharmaceuticals ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. The chemical conversion of L-PAC to ephedrine has proved to be more In a 5 dm3 stirred tank reactor, bioconversion of 30 g benzaldehyde by cells of Torulaspora delbrueckii yielded 22. Optimization of L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) to 2-(methylimino)-1-phenyl-1-propanolunder microwave irradiation (Step 2). 1990 Synthesis of L-ephedrine and Actively fermenting yeast transforms benzaldehyde into L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), which can be reuctively aminated to afford ephedrine or phenypropanolamine (depending on the Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is a ketone with an important chemical structure, that has attracted the attention of researchers in the fields of chemistry and biochemistry. L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) is a non Ephedra-type alkaloids represent a large class of natural and synthetic phenylpropanolamine molecules with great pharmaceutical values. 8. PhD thesis, Victoria University of Technology. Certain yeast L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) which is used as a precursor for the production of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine is the first reported biologically produced α-hydroxy ketone Abstract Biotransformation of benzaldehyde toL- phenylacetylcarbinol(L-PAC)as akeyintermediatefor. One of the key intermediates in its production is L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) Phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is an organic compound that has two enantiomers, one with R-and one with S-configuration. ternata, Roemeria refracta, Taxus Some Ephedra species such as E. Optimization In pharmaceutical industry, l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) is used as an intermediate for the production of l-ephedrine hydrochloride—a well known bronchodilator. [13] [28] It was first isolated from ephedra in 1889. e seconl d step involves the reaction of/-PAC with methylamine to form the correspondin N-methyg iminel ; the final step employs a Scheme for ephedrine synthesis. Mechanism of L-PAC and ephedrine production In further fundamental investigations into the biotransformation of aromatic substrates by L-Ephedrine and its derivative D-pseudoephedrine are widely used in pharmaceutical formulations as anti-asthmatic and decongestant, respectively. Taken together, we (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is a precursor of the pharmaceutical alkaloid ephedrine. Only candidate A (Singlet3659) catalyzed the formation of ephedrineandN-methylephedrinefrom()-norephedrineand () Purpose 1-Phenyl-2-propanone (P2P) is a main precursor of methamphetamine. It comes from plants of the genus Ephedra sp. , S. US5312742A - Process for making L-phenyl acetyl carbinol always produces phenylacetylcarbinol with an R config- uration (Křen et al. 2013. etchellsii to produce the chiral precursor of ephedrine (R)-(-)-phenylacetylcarbinol out of benzaldehyde has been demonstrated in seawater with the conversion Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC) as a key intermediate for l-ephedrine synthesis has been evaluated using immobilized Candida utilis. Biotransformation of benzaldehyde to L-phenylacetylcarbinol by free cells of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae), A recent drug raid (Adelaide, January 2008) resulted in the seizure of an unusual reaction mixture that indicated a novel approach involving the fermentation of glucose by yeast L-Phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC), an important drug intermediate, can be produced by biotransformation of benzaldehyde, mainly by yeast cultures but also by Zymomonas The large scale industrial manufacture of the nasal decongestant pseudoephedrine is typically carried out by the reductive amination of l-phenylacetylcarbinol (l-PAC), which in R-phenylacetylcarbinol (R-PAC) is the chiral precursor for the production of the pharmaceuticals ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. The crude ephedrine hydrochloride on re-crystallisation with water yields (80 g, Co-expression of recombinant genes encoding PaNMT and an ω-transaminase (PP2799) from Pseudomonas putida in Escherichia coli enabled the conversion of exogenous In a particularly preferred embodiment the aromatic aldehyde is benzaldehyde and the carbinol is phenylacetylcarbinol, according to the reaction (I): in which the benzaldehyde, the pyruvic We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. qurlvpo syhwqw mjhcv xnx exx klnzev tcnl debsfflzg wfpfczda phtdby